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"tombstone": "Head of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, 300s\u2013400s CE. Afghanistan or Pakistan, Gandhara, Kushan period. Stucco with traces of paint; overall: 45.7 x 35.5 cm (18 x 14 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, John L. Severance Fund, 1985.31",
"current_location": "242A Ancient India",
"title": "Head of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara",
"creation_date": "300s\u2013400s CE",
"creation_date_earliest": 300,
"creation_date_latest": 499,
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"culture": [
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"technique": "stucco with traces of paint",
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"department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art",
"collection": "Indian Art - Kushan, Gandhara",
"type": "Sculpture",
"measurements": "Overall: 45.7 x 35.5 cm (18 x 14 in.)",
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{
"id": 309887,
"title": "The Twain Shall Meet",
"description": "The Twain Shall Meet. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 30, 1985-January 5, 1986).",
"opening_date": "1985-10-30T05:00:00"
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{
"id": 309889,
"title": "Kushan Sculpture: Images from Early India",
"description": "Kushan Sculpture: Images from Early India. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 13, 1985-January 5, 1986).",
"opening_date": "1985-11-13T05:00:00"
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{
"id": 309910,
"title": "The Year in Review for 1985",
"description": "The Year in Review for 1985. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 12-April 20, 1986).",
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"description": "(David Tremayne, Ltd., London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
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"footnotes": null,
"date": "?\u20131985",
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"description": "By this period, individual bodhisattvas were beginning to be revered as ideal figures who would deliberately postpone their own enlightenment and entrance into final nirvana, which is a state from which no one returns to be reborn into this world. Bodhisattvas accomplish all but the final meditation leading to full enlightenment, but they are considered to be so advanced in their practice and realization that they have the ability to control their rebirth and act in righteous and compassionate ways to help others achieve enlightenment. Because the remains of a lotus pedestal on which a Buddha sat is at the center of the diadem, this head can be identified as that of the Bodhisattva of Compassion. The idealized linearity of the brows and eyes along with the formalized waves of hair give an ethereal quality to the otherwise naturalistic face.",
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"citation": "Neils, Jenifer. \u201cThe Twain Shall Meet.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 72, no. 6 (October 1985): 326\u2013359.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 340, fig. 26",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159914"
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{
"citation": "Czuma, Stanislaw J., and Rekha Morris. Kushan Sculpture: Images from Early India. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1985.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 125, p. 221",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Turner, Evan H. \u201cThe Year in Review for 1985.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 73, no. 2 (February 1986): 26\u201371.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 39; Mentioned: p. 71, no. 202",
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