{
"data": {
"id": 155857,
"accession_number": "1991.160",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Pavilion Richelieu, Louvre, Paris, 1856\u201357. \u00c9douard Baldus (French, 1813\u20131889). Salted paper print, albumenized, from wet collodion negative; image: 44.5 x 34.3 cm (17 1/2 x 13 1/2 in.); matted: 61 x 50.8 cm (24 x 20 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Andrew R. and Martha Holden Jennings Fund, 1991.160",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Pavilion Richelieu, Louvre, Paris",
"creation_date": "1856\u201357",
"creation_date_earliest": 1856,
"creation_date_latest": 1857,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"France, 19th century"
],
"technique": "salted paper print, albumenized, from wet collodion negative",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Photography",
"collection": "Photography",
"type": "Photograph",
"measurements": "Image: 44.5 x 34.3 cm (17 1/2 x 13 1/2 in.); Matted: 61 x 50.8 cm (24 x 20 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"image": {
"height": 0.445,
"height_inch": 17,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.5,
"width": 0.343,
"width_inch": 13,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5
},
"matted": {
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"height_inch": 24,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.0,
"width": 0.508,
"width_inch": 20,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.0
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "Written in negative: \"No. 79; E. Baldus\"; in black ink on recto: \"E. Baldus [signed]\"",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 197576,
"title": "France at the Dawn of Photography",
"description": "France at the Dawn of Photography. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 4, 2009-January 24, 2010).",
"opening_date": "2009-10-04T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 705705,
"title": "France in the Time of Manet and Morisot",
"description": "France in the Time of Manet and Morisot. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 10-August 23, 2026).",
"opening_date": "2026-05-10T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art (10/04/2009 - 01/24/2010); \"France at the Dawn of Photography\"",
"opening_date": "2009-10-04T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The New Louvre, created in the 1850s, was one of the grandest of Napoleon III\u2019s building projects.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "In 1854, \u00c9douard Baldus and two other artists were commissioned to record construction of the New Louvre, one of the grandest of Napoleon III\u2019s building projects. New wings joined the Louvre Palace, started in the late 1100s, to the Tuileries Palace, begun in 1564. The Pavilion Richelieu, completed shortly before this photograph was taken, originally housed governmental offices and only became part of the Louvre Museum in 1993. Berthe Morisot and her sister, Edma, were in the museum copying a painting by Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens when they first met \u00c9douard Manet, sometime between 1865 and 1868.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79944385"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1991.160-pavilion-richelieu-l"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Tom E Hinson. Catalogue of Photography. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1996.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 91",
"url": ""
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1991.160",
"images": {
"annotation": null,
"web": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1991.160/1991.160_web.jpg",
"width": "688",
"height": "893",
"filesize": "478063",
"filename": "1991.160_web.jpg"
},
"print": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1991.160/1991.160_print.jpg",
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},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Andrew R. and Martha Holden Jennings Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 155857,
"creators": [
{
"id": 214,
"description": "\u00c9douard Baldus (French, 1813\u20131889)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": "\u00c9douard Baldus French, b. Prussia, 1813 - 1889\r\n\r\nThe large and regal prints made by \u00c9douard-Denis Baldus are widely agreed to be among the finest photographic images ever produced. After serving as an artillery officer in the Prussian army, Baldus left his native country for France during the 1830s to become a painter. He exhibited his paintings of religious subjects, portraits, and genre scenes in the Paris Salons from 1841 - 51 and was naturalized as a French citizen in 1849, the same year his interests turned to photography.\r\n\tCombining his training in painting with an inquisitive, inventive technical expertise, Baldus produced a body of work of exceptional quality and interest. His subjects included architecture, landscape, and engineering feats. In 1851 the Commission des monuments historiques selected him for the Missions h\u00e9liographique\u2014a government project that sponsored the photographing of endangered classical and medieval architecture in France. For this important series Baldus produced views of Burgundy, Provence, and the Dauphin\u00e9, and the following year he completed a commission for the Ministry of the Interior. In 1855 he began his photography of railroads, some of his most distinctive work. A copy of his album recording the line between Paris and Boulogne was presented to Queen Victoria. He also documented the flooding of the Rhone, as well as construction of the new Louvre and other Paris views.\r\n\tA founding member of the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 h\u00e9liographique and a member of the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de photographie (1857), Baldus exhibited his photographs widely in London, Amsterdam, Edinburgh, Brussels, and Paris and won numerous medals of award. A master printer, he produced combination prints in the early 1850s, frequently retouching his images with pencil and ink. His best work appears most often in specially assembled albums -- such as Les principaux Monuments de la France reproduits en h\u00e9liogravure par E. Baldus, published in 1875 from plates drawn from earlier negatives. Today, his work continues to be much sought after and to set a standard by which other photographers are judged. T.W.F.",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1813",
"death_year": "1889",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1991-12-16T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1856,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1856\u201357",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-09-29 11:07:25.301000"
}
}