{
"data": {
"id": 156896,
"accession_number": "1993.1",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Italo-Geometric Bird Askos (Oil Vessel): Hunter (Herakles?) and Stag, c. 700 BCE. Attributed to Bisenzio Class. Ceramic; overall: 33.5 x 15.5 cm (13 3/16 x 6 1/8 in.); diameter of foot: 11.9 cm (4 11/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1993.1",
"current_location": "102D Pre-Roman",
"title": "Italo-Geometric Bird Askos (Oil Vessel): Hunter (Herakles?) and Stag",
"creation_date": "c. 700 BCE",
"creation_date_earliest": -705,
"creation_date_latest": -695,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Etruscan, likely made at Vulci"
],
"technique": "ceramic",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Greek and Roman Art",
"collection": "GR - Etruscan",
"type": "Ceramic",
"measurements": "Overall: 33.5 x 15.5 cm (13 3/16 x 6 1/8 in.); Diameter of foot: 11.9 cm (4 11/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.335,
"height_inch": 13,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.1875,
"width": 0.155,
"width_inch": 6,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.125,
"length": 0.423,
"length_inch": 16,
"length_inch_fraction": 0.625
},
"diameter of foot": {
"width": 0.119,
"width_inch": 4,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.6875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 187171,
"title": "Object in Focus: Italo-Geometric Bird Askos",
"description": "Object in Focus: Italo-Geometric Bird Askos. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 20-April 22, 2001).",
"opening_date": "2001-02-20T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 181802,
"title": "The Persistence of Geometry: Form, Content and Culture in the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "The Persistence of Geometry: Form, Content and Culture in the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland (MOCA), Cleveland, OH (June 9-August 20, 2006).",
"opening_date": "2006-06-09T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Ancient Art: The Norbert Schimmel Collection, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (17 September 1975-1 March 1976).",
"opening_date": "1975-09-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Von Troja bis Amarna, \u00c4gyptischen Museum, Berlin, Germany, (18 March-28 May 1978); Museum f\u00fcr Kunst und Gewerbe, Hamburg (24 June-3 September 1978); Pr\u00e4historischen Staatssammlung, Munich, (28 September 1978-6 January 1979).",
"opening_date": "1978-03-18T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Said to have been found at Vulci, Italy",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Norbert Schimmel (1905\u20131990), New York, NY",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "by 1977\u20131992",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Atelier Amphora (Mario Bruno, d. 1993), Lugano, Switzerland",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1992\u20131993",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1993",
"sortorder": 4
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "This askos may feature the earliest known representation of Herakles's third labor, the Keryneian hind.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This bird-shaped askos (oil vessel), with a tall filling spout and a pierced beak for pouring, perhaps held perfumed oil for a funerary function. Although the shape likely stems from Italian tradition, the abundantly painted geometric decoration, covering nearly every available surface, derives originally from Greece. Thus scholars have suggested that an immigrant Greek potter working in Etruria may have made the vessel. The sole narrative scene shows a man with a spear leading an antlered animal. If not an anonymous hunter, this could be the earliest known representation of the hero Herakles performing his third labor: capturing the golden-antlered Keryneian hind, or female deer.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60746257"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1993.1-italo-geometric-bird"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Beazley Archive. n.d. Beazley Archive Pottery Database. Oxford: Beazley Archive.",
"page_number": "BAPD 1002949",
"url": "http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/record/A0EE3687-EB44-4C6B-9648-E34337AF6E38"
},
{
"citation": "Muscarella, Oscar White. Ancient Art: The Norbert Schimmel Collection. Mainz: P. von Zabern, 1974.",
"page_number": "no. 65",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Brommer, F. \"Herakles und die Hirschkuh,\" Arch\u00e4ologischer Anzeiger (1977).",
"page_number": "pp. 479-81, figs. 1-2",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Settgast, Ju\u0308rgen, Ulrich Gehrig, Eva Strommenger, and Klaus Vierneisel. Von Troja bis Amarna: the Norbert Schimmel collection, New York. Mainz: P. von Zabern, 1978.",
"page_number": "p. 70, cat. 67.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "La Rocca, E. \"Crateri in argilla figulina del geometrico recente a Vulci. Aspetti della produzione ceramica d'imitazione euboica nel Villanoviano avanzato,\" M\u00e9langes de l'\u00c9cole Fran\u00e7aise de Rome, Antiquit\u00e9 90 (1978).",
"page_number": "pp. 496-97, fig. 24",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fiumi, Enrico, and Mario Giustarini. Studi per Enrico Fiumi. Pisa: Pacini, 1979.",
"page_number": "p. 24, no. 4, pl. 3.1, 26-28",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Colonna, G. \"Parergon. A proposito del frammento geometrico dal Foro,\" M\u00e9langes de l'\u00c9cole Fran\u00e7aise de Rome, Antiquit\u00e9 92 (1980).",
"page_number": "p. 603",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Dik, R. \"Un'anfora etrusca con raffigurazioni orientalizzanti da Veio,\" Mededeelingen van het Nederl. Historisch Instituut te Rome 42, n.s. 7 (1980).",
"page_number": "p. 20",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Dik, R. \"Un'anfora orientalizzante etrusca nel Museo Allard Pierson,\" BABesch 56 (1981).",
"page_number": "p. 63, n. 66",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cristofani, Mauro, and Piera Bocci Pacini. Gli Etruschi in Maremma: popolamento e attivita\u0300 produttive. Milano: Silvana, 1981.",
"page_number": "p. 223, fig. 210",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Isler, Hans Peter. Ceramisti greci in Etruria in epoca tardogeometrica. Lugano: Baggini-Bizzozero, 1983.",
"page_number": "p. 23, no. A b 6",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Camporeale, Giovannangelo. La caccia in Etruria. Roma: G. Bretschneider, 1984.",
"page_number": "p. 25, B no. 4, pl. 2b",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Williams, D. \"Greek Potters and their descendants in Campania and Southern Etruria, c. 720-630 BC,\" in British Museum, and Judith Swaddling (ed.). Italian iron age artefacts: in the British Museum : papers of the Sixth British Museum Classical Colloquium. London: Published for the Trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Publications, 1986. Ch. 30 (pp. 295-304).",
"page_number": "Mentioned on pp. 297, 300, n. 41.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lexicon iconographicum mythologiae classicae. 5.2, 5.2. Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae : LIMC / Publie\u0301 Par La Fondation Pour Le Lexicon Iconographicum Mithologiae Classicae (LIMC)!. Zurich: Artemis, 1990.",
"page_number": "51, no. 2206",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sotheby's (Firm). Antiquities from the Norbert Schimmel Collection. 16 December 1992.",
"page_number": "cat. no. 39.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"1993 Annual Report.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 81, no. 6 (1994)",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 158; Reproduced: p. 218",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25161457"
},
{
"citation": "Lorenz, Thuri, Gabriele Erath, Manfred Lehner, and Gerda Schwarz. Komos: Festschrift Fu\u0308r Thuri Lorenz Zum 65. Geburtstag. Wien: Phoibos Verlag, 1997.",
"page_number": "p. 50, n. 18",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Neils, Jenifer. \"Hercle in Cleveland.\" Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 3 (1998): 6-21.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 7-8, figs. 3a-c.",
"url": "www.jstor.org/stable/20079696."
},
{
"citation": "Cristofani Martelli, Marina, and Benedetta Adembri. La ceramica degli etruschi: la pittura vascolare. [Milano?]: Istituto Geografico de Agostini, 2000.",
"page_number": "Discussed and illustrated, pp. 246-248, no. 11.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Neils, Jenifer, and Gisela Walberg. Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: The Cleveland Museum of Art. [Cleveland, OH]: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 2000.",
"page_number": "p. 43-44, pl. 82-83",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sims, Lowery Stokes. The persistence of geometry: form, content, and culture in the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2006.",
"page_number": "p. 115, color repr. p. 33, no. 9",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Isler, Hans Peter. Ein geometrischer Krater aus Vulci. [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1982.",
"page_number": "p. 175, n. 23",
"url": null
}
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"athena_id": 156896,
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"id": 379301,
"description": "Bisenzio Class",
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"updated_at": "2026-08-03 14:22:43.546000"
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}