{
    "data": {
        "id": 157146,
        "accession_number": "1993.39.2.b",
        "share_license_status": "CC0",
        "tombstone": "Qur'an Manuscript Folio (verso); Left side of Bifolio, 800s. North Africa, Aghlabid or Abbasid Period, 9th century. Gold, ink and colors on parchment; overall: 26.7 x 73 cm (10 1/2 x 28 3/4 in.); text area: 22.8 x 30 cm (9 x 11 13/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, The Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 1993.39.2.b",
        "current_location": null,
        "title": "Qur'an Manuscript Folio (verso); Left side of Bifolio",
        "creation_date": "800s",
        "creation_date_earliest": 800,
        "creation_date_latest": 899,
        "artists_tags": [],
        "culture": [
            "North Africa, Aghlabid or Abbasid Period, 9th century"
        ],
        "technique": "gold, ink and colors on parchment",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "Islamic Art",
        "collection": "Islamic Art",
        "type": "Manuscript",
        "measurements": "Overall: 26.7 x 73 cm (10 1/2 x 28 3/4 in.); Text area: 22.8 x 30 cm (9 x 11 13/16 in.)",
        "dimensions": {
            "overall": {
                "height": 0.267,
                "width": 0.73
            },
            "text area": {
                "height": 0.228,
                "width": 0.3
            }
        },
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [
            {
                "inscription": "Sura al-Qamar (54: part 27-part 40).\nKufi (fifteen lines to a page)",
                "inscription_translation": null,
                "inscription_remark": null,
                "sortorder": null
            }
        ],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [],
            "legacy": []
        },
        "provenance": [
            {
                "description": "(Oliver Hoare Limited, London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": [],
                "date": "?-1993",
                "sortorder": 1
            },
            {
                "description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": [],
                "date": "1993-",
                "sortorder": 2
            }
        ],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [],
        "did_you_know": null,
        "description": "Because of its connection with the Qur'an, calligraphy was elevated above all other art forms in the Islamic world. From an awkward and nearly illegible form of writing, Arabic script was transformed during the 600s and 700s to make it worthy of recording the Divine word. By the 800s, Muslim scribes were producing copies of the Qur'an that were true calligraphic masterpieces. This Qur'an, written entirely in gold, exemplifies the angular form of writing known as Kufic at its majestic best. The text on the right page is the opening of the Chapter of the Star (53:1\u201321), which begins: \u201cBy the star when it plunges, your comrade is not astray, neither errs, nor speaks he out of caprice. This is naught but a revelation revealed, taught him by one terrible in power, very strong. . . . \u201d",
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79947512"
            ],
            "internet_archive": []
        },
        "citations": [],
        "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1993.39.2.b",
        "images": {
            "annotation": null,
            "web": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1993.39.2.b/1993.39.2.b_web.jpg",
                "width": "1211",
                "height": "893",
                "filesize": "955955",
                "filename": "1993.39.2.b_web.jpg"
            },
            "print": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1993.39.2.b/1993.39.2.b_print.jpg",
                "width": "3400",
                "height": "2507",
                "filesize": "7562746",
                "filename": "1993.39.2.b_print.jpg"
            },
            "full": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1993.39.2.b/1993.39.2.b_full.tif",
                "width": "6372",
                "height": "4700",
                "filesize": "89876680",
                "filename": "1993.39.2.b_full.tif"
            }
        },
        "alternate_images": [],
        "creditline": "The Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund",
        "image_credit": null,
        "sketchfab_id": null,
        "sketchfab_url": null,
        "gallery_donor_text": null,
        "athena_id": 157146,
        "creators": [],
        "legal_status": "accessioned",
        "accession_date": "1993-05-05T00:00:00",
        "sortable_date": 800,
        "date_added_to_oa": null,
        "date_text": "800s",
        "collapse_artists": false,
        "on_loan": false,
        "recently_acquired": false,
        "record_type": "part",
        "conservation_statement": null,
        "has_conservation_images": false,
        "cover_accession_number": "1993.39",
        "is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
        "impression": null,
        "alternate_titles": [],
        "is_highlight": false,
        "updated_at": "2026-03-26 23:59:37.750000"
    }
}