{
    "data": {
        "id": 157969,
        "accession_number": "1995.199.33",
        "share_license_status": "Copyrighted",
        "tombstone": "Camera Work: Number 33, January 1911, 1911. Heinrich Kuehn (Austrian, 1866\u20131944). Photogravure. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Museum Appropriation, 1995.199.33",
        "current_location": null,
        "title": "Camera Work: Number 33, January 1911",
        "creation_date": "1911",
        "creation_date_earliest": 1911,
        "creation_date_latest": 1911,
        "artists_tags": [
            "male"
        ],
        "culture": [
            "Austria"
        ],
        "technique": "photogravure",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "Photography",
        "collection": "PH - Photogravure",
        "type": "Bound Volume",
        "dimensions": {},
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [],
            "legacy": []
        },
        "provenance": [],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [],
        "did_you_know": null,
        "description": null,
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79975475"
            ],
            "internet_archive": []
        },
        "citations": [],
        "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1995.199.33",
        "images": {},
        "alternate_images": [],
        "creditline": "Museum Appropriation",
        "image_credit": null,
        "sketchfab_id": null,
        "sketchfab_url": null,
        "gallery_donor_text": null,
        "athena_id": 157969,
        "creators": [
            {
                "id": 547,
                "description": "Heinrich Kuehn (Austrian, 1866\u20131944)",
                "extent": null,
                "qualifier": null,
                "role": "artist",
                "biography": "Heinrich Kuehn Austrian, b. Germany, 1866-1944\r\n\r\nCarl Christian Heinrich Kuehn (also spelled K\u00fchn) was a key figure in the aesthetic movement in photography, as well as a teacher, writer, and theoretician. Born in Dresden, he studied medicine and science in Innsbruck, Leipzig, Berlin, and Freiburg before beginning to photograph in 1883. In Austria and Germany, Kuehn's role was not unlike that of Alfred Stieglitz in the United States. Not surprisingly, after the two men met in 1904, they remained close friends for many years.\r\n\tKuehn believed in the artistic manipulation of the photographic image and was responsible for refinements in the gum bichromate process, through which a photograph could be made to resemble paintings and prints more closely. Among his influences were the early Scottish calotypists David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson, who were also acknowledged by Stieglitz, and whose prints combined the softness conveyed by their paper negatives with a formality of composition and depth of tone derived from painting.\r\n\tKuehn had a long, productive career, during which he worked with Hans Watzek and Hugo Henneberg on multiple gum bichromate processes. Besides exhibiting and publishing widely, he founded and directed the Schule f\u00fcr Kunstlerische Photographie in Innsbruck (1914-20) and formed the Viennese Trifolium (Das Kleeblatt). He wrote and published two technical manuals and many articles. An inventor and designer of photographic processes and equipment, Kuehn was elected into the Linked Ring in 1895, was a member of the Vienna Camera Club, and received numerous awards and recognition for his work. T.W.F.",
                "name_in_original_language": null,
                "birth_year": "1866",
                "death_year": "1944",
                "use_in_caption": true,
                "include_extent": false,
                "weight": 1
            }
        ],
        "legal_status": "accessioned",
        "accession_date": "1995-12-04T00:00:00",
        "sortable_date": 1911,
        "date_added_to_oa": null,
        "date_text": "1911",
        "collapse_artists": false,
        "on_loan": false,
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        "record_type": "component",
        "conservation_statement": null,
        "has_conservation_images": false,
        "cover_accession_number": "1995.199",
        "is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
        "impression": null,
        "alternate_titles": [],
        "is_highlight": false,
        "updated_at": "2026-03-27 00:04:01.869000"
    }
}