{
"data": {
"id": 159885,
"accession_number": "1997.185",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "The Crucifixion, c. 1730. Du Paquier Porcelain Manufactory (Austrian, active 1719\u20131864). Porcelain, ebonized wood cross with gilt bronze mounts; overall: 100 x 36.5 cm (39 3/8 x 14 3/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1997.185",
"current_location": "214 Central and Northern European",
"title": "The Crucifixion",
"creation_date": "c. 1730",
"creation_date_earliest": 1725,
"creation_date_latest": 1735,
"artists_tags": [
"gender unknown"
],
"culture": [
"Austria, Vienna"
],
"technique": "porcelain, ebonized wood cross with gilt bronze mounts",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Decorative Art and Design",
"collection": "Decorative Arts",
"type": "Ceramic",
"measurements": "Overall: 100 x 36.5 cm (39 3/8 x 14 3/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 1.0,
"height_inch": 39,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.375,
"width": 0.365,
"width_inch": 14,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.375
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 312448,
"title": "The Princes' Fragile Treasures. The Paths of Porcelain Between Vienna and Florence",
"description": "The Princes' Fragile Treasures. The Paths of Porcelain Between Vienna and Florence. Palazzo Pitti, Firenze, Italy (November 12, 2018-March 10, 2019).",
"opening_date": "2018-11-12T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 679518,
"title": "Wonder and Science. The Invention of Porcelain in Vienna",
"description": "Wonder and Science. The Invention of Porcelain in Vienna. Liechtenstein Princely Collections, Wien, Austria (organizer) (January 30-March 30, 2025).",
"opening_date": "2025-01-30T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Adrian Sassoon",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "\u20131997",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1997\u2013",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
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"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": null,
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "The second oldest European porcelain factory after that at Meissen (in Germany) was set up in Vienna in 1716. During its early years, the Vienna factory was privately owned by a court official, Claudius Innocentius Du Paquier, and its early wares\u2014made before 1744\u2014carry his name. They are characterized by energetic shapes, strong colors, and the use of gold for surface decoration. This is the only Du Paquier crucifix known today. The figure of Christ closely resembles the work of Vienna's most famous sculptor, Georg Raphael Donner (1693\u20131741), and was probably created by one of his followers especially to be used on this crucifix. The anatomical accuracy and precise detail of the figure, along with the abundance of gold decoration, indicate that the piece was probably a special commission intended for a distinguished patron, possibly a member of the Hungarian Esterh\u00e1zy family.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1997.185-the-crucifixion"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Folnesics, J. and E. W. Braun. Geschichte der K. K. Wiener Porzellan-Manufaktur. Vienna: K. K. \u00d6sterreichischen Museum f\u00fcr Kunst und Industrie, 1907.",
"page_number": "pp. 38\u201339",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cMajor European Porcelain Crucifix, Pre-Columbian Figure, and Other Works Added to CMA Collection,\u201d December 3, 1997, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.",
"page_number": null,
"url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr4165"
},
{
"citation": "Hawley, Henry. \"A Du Paquier Crucifix\", Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine. Vol. 39 no. 01, January 1999",
"page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p. 4-5",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM1999-01/page/4"
},
{
"citation": "Chilton, Meredith, Claudia Lehner-Jobst et al. Fired by Passion: Vienna Baroque Porcelain of Claudius Innocentius Du Paquier. Vol. 1: Du Paquier Porcelain: Its History, Style, and Influences. Stuttgart: Arnoldsche Art Publishers, 2009.",
"page_number": "fig. 160; cat. 480; pp. 120\u2013121, 1337.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "D'Agliano, Andreina, Rita Balleri and Claudia Lehner-Jobst. Fragili tesori dei principi: Le vie della porcellana tra Vienna e Firenze. Livorno: Sillabe, 2018.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 166, cat. #17; Reproduced: p. 167",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lehner-Jobst, Claudia. \"Sculptural Works in Porcelain.\" In A Marvellous Science: Passion for Porcelain in Baroque Vienna, edited by Stephan Koja, 42-43. Dresden: Sandstein, 2025.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 42-43, fig. 1; p. 181, no. 79",
"url": ""
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1997.185",
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"creditline": "Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
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"gallery_donor_text": "Walter and Jean Kalberer Foundation Gallery",
"athena_id": 159885,
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{
"id": 14665,
"description": "Du Paquier Porcelain Manufactory (Austrian, active 1719\u20131864)",
"extent": null,
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"role": "artist",
"biography": "after Meissen the first European factory to make hard-paste porcelain. It was founded in 1719 by a Court official of Dutch origin, Claudius Innocentius Du Paquier with the assistance of C. C. Hunger and the kiln master Samuel St\u00f6lzel, both from Meissen.",
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"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1997-12-01T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1725,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "c. 1730",
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"updated_at": "2026-06-18 11:45:47.859000"
}
}