{
"data": {
"id": 162854,
"accession_number": "2003.340",
"share_license_status": "Copyrighted",
"tombstone": "Bouffant Pride, 2003. Ellen Gallagher (American, b. 1965). Collage of photogravures, plasticine, paint, ink, and found objects; sheet: 34.3 x 26.6 cm (13 1/2 x 10 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Judith and James Saks in memory of Lynn and Dr. Joseph Tomarkin Endowment, 2003.340. \u00a9 Ellen Gallagher. Courtesy Gagosian.",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Bouffant Pride",
"creation_date": "2003",
"creation_date_earliest": 2003,
"creation_date_latest": 2003,
"artists_tags": [
"female",
"Black American Artists"
],
"culture": [
"America"
],
"technique": "collage of photogravures, plasticine, paint, ink, and found objects",
"support_materials": [
{
"description": "rag paper",
"watermarks": []
}
],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - American 21st Century",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Sheet: 34.3 x 26.6 cm (13 1/2 x 10 1/2 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.343,
"height_inch": 13,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.5,
"width": 0.266,
"width_inch": 10,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": "20",
"copyright": "\u00a9 Ellen Gallagher. Courtesy Gagosian.",
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 178305,
"title": "Needful Things: Recent Multiples",
"description": "Needful Things: Recent Multiples. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 19, 2004-January 2, 2005).",
"opening_date": "2004-09-19T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 181802,
"title": "The Persistence of Geometry: Form, Content and Culture in the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "The Persistence of Geometry: Form, Content and Culture in the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland (MOCA), Cleveland, OH (June 9-August 20, 2006).",
"opening_date": "2006-06-09T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 204176,
"title": "Our Stories: African American Prints and Drawings",
"description": "Our Stories: African American Prints and Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 24-May 18, 2014).",
"opening_date": "2014-01-24T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 312384,
"title": "Who RU2 Day: Mass Media and the Fine Art Print",
"description": "Who RU2 Day: Mass Media and the Fine Art Print. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 18, 2018-March 24, 2019).",
"opening_date": "2018-11-18T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "(Brent Sikkema Gallery, New York, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "2003",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "2003-",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Ellen Gallagher was drawn to wig advertisements like the one used in this collage due to their grid-like structure.",
"description": "Ellen Gallagher's work addresses the history of African American stereotypes. In this collage, the artist appropriated an advertisement for glamorous wigs from a 1960s issue of Ebony, a magazine geared toward African Americans. Using plasticine, toy eyeballs, paint, and ink, she exaggerated and completely transformed the images that once promised to beautify the magazine's average reader.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60780911"
],
"internet_archive": []
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Chaffee, Cathleen, Jeffrey D, Grove, \"Commodity Arts\", Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine. Vol. 44 no. 07, September 2004",
"page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p. 10-11",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2004-07/page/n9"
},
{
"citation": "Sims, Lowery Stokes. The Persistence of Geometry: Form, Content, and Culture in the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2006.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 96-97, no. 143",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lee, Key Jo, William Griswold, Erica Moiah James, Robin Coste Lewis, Christina Elizabeth Sharpe, and Cleveland Museum of Art. Perceptual Drift : Black Art and an Ethics of Looking. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 2022.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: front cover, p. 48, fig. 30",
"url": ""
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2003.340",
"images": {},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Judith and James Saks in memory of Lynn and Dr. Joseph Tomarkin Endowment",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 162854,
"creators": [
{
"id": 46763,
"description": "Ellen Gallagher (American, b. 1965)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": null,
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1965",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "2003-12-01T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 2003,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "2003",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": true,
"updated_at": "2026-05-01 06:52:27.697000"
}
}