{
    "data": {
        "id": 168421,
        "accession_number": "2010.200",
        "share_license_status": "CC0",
        "tombstone": "Snuff Container, 1800s\u20131900s. Africa, Southern Africa, South Africa, Zimbabwe or Mozambique, Northern Nguni-style or Shona-style maker. Gourd and copper alloy; overall: 7.5 cm (2 15/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 2010.200",
        "current_location": "108B Southern African",
        "title": "Snuff Container",
        "creation_date": "1800s\u20131900s",
        "creation_date_earliest": 1800,
        "creation_date_latest": 1999,
        "artists_tags": [],
        "culture": [
            "Africa, Southern Africa, South Africa, Zimbabwe or Mozambique, Northern Nguni-style or Shona-style maker"
        ],
        "technique": "Gourd and copper alloy",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "African Art",
        "collection": "African Art",
        "type": "Vessels",
        "measurements": "Overall: 7.5 cm (2 15/16 in.)",
        "dimensions": {
            "overall": {
                "height": 0.075,
                "height_inch": 2,
                "height_inch_fraction": 0.9375
            }
        },
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [
                {
                    "id": 197333,
                    "title": "The Art of Daily Life: Portable Objects From Southeast Africa",
                    "description": "<i>The Art of Daily Life: Portable Objects From Southeast Africa</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (April 17, 2011-February 26, 2012).",
                    "opening_date": "2011-04-17T00:00:00"
                }
            ],
            "legacy": [
                {
                    "description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, (4/16/11-2/26/12); \"The Art of Daily Life:  Portable Objects from Southeast Africa\" cat. no. 17",
                    "opening_date": "2011-04-16T00:00:00"
                }
            ]
        },
        "provenance": [
            {
                "description": "Marc and Denyse Ginzberg, New York, NY",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "1981\u20132007",
                "sortorder": null
            },
            {
                "description": "(Sotheby's, Paris, France, Sept. 10, 2007, lot 96)",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "2007",
                "sortorder": 2
            },
            {
                "description": "(Jacaranda Tribal Art Gallery, New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "2010",
                "sortorder": 3
            },
            {
                "description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "2010\u2013",
                "sortorder": 4
            }
        ],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [],
        "did_you_know": "The snuff and tobacco held in this container were believed to enable communication between humans and ancestors.",
        "early_education_description": null,
        "artlens_description": null,
        "description": "The shape and material of gourd snuff containers\u2014like a woman\u2019s womb, the gourd contains and nurtures the seed\u2014suggest they were made for female users and allude to procreation and fecundity.",
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60779558"
            ],
            "internet_archive": [
                "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2010.200-snuff-container"
            ]
        },
        "citations": [
            {
                "citation": "Klopper, Sandra. The Zulu Kingdom. New York: Rosen Publishing Group and Franklin Watts Library Edition (First Books on African Civilizations), 1998, cover; Ginzberg, Marc. African Forms, exh. cat., Museum for African Art, New York. Milan: Skira, 2000, p. 120; Sotheby's. \"Collection Marc et Denyse Ginzberg.\" Paris, Sept. 10, 2007, lot 96",
                "page_number": "",
                "url": ""
            }
        ],
        "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2010.200",
        "images": {
            "annotation": null,
            "web": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2010.200/2010.200_web.jpg",
                "width": "1090",
                "height": "893",
                "filesize": "494817",
                "filename": "2010.200_web.jpg"
            },
            "print": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2010.200/2010.200_print.jpg",
                "width": "3400",
                "height": "2785",
                "filesize": "5346141",
                "filename": "2010.200_print.jpg"
            },
            "full": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2010.200/2010.200_full.tif",
                "width": "4357",
                "height": "3569",
                "filesize": "46676428",
                "filename": "2010.200_full.tif"
            }
        },
        "alternate_images": [],
        "creditline": "Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund",
        "image_credit": null,
        "sketchfab_id": null,
        "sketchfab_url": null,
        "gallery_donor_text": null,
        "athena_id": 168421,
        "creators": [],
        "legal_status": "accessioned",
        "accession_date": "2010-09-07T00:00:00",
        "sortable_date": 1800,
        "date_added_to_oa": null,
        "date_text": "1800s\u20131900s",
        "collapse_artists": false,
        "on_loan": false,
        "recently_acquired": false,
        "record_type": "object",
        "conservation_statement": null,
        "has_conservation_images": false,
        "cover_accession_number": null,
        "is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
        "impression": null,
        "alternate_titles": [
            "Snuff Gourd"
        ],
        "is_highlight": false,
        "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:39:42.883000"
    }
}