id: 170805 accession number: 2013.306 share license status: CC0 url: https://clevelandart.org/art/2013.306 updated: 2024-03-26 02:01:36.349000 Battle of Ravana and Jatayu, from Chapters 50 and 51 of the Aranya Kanda (Book of the Forest) of Valmiki's Ramayana (Rama’s Journey); folio from the "Burnt" Ramayana, c. 1605. Central India, Bundelkhand Region, Madhya Pradesh, Rajput Kingdom of Datia, Court of Raja Bir Singh Deo (reigned 1605–27). Gum tempera and ink on paper; painting: 26.1 x 15.6 cm (10 1/4 x 6 1/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection 2013.306 title: Battle of Ravana and Jatayu, from Chapters 50 and 51 of the Aranya Kanda (Book of the Forest) of Valmiki's Ramayana (Rama’s Journey); folio from the "Burnt" Ramayana title in original language: series: series in original language: creation date: c. 1605 creation date earliest: 1590 creation date latest: 1610 current location: creditline: Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection copyright: --- culture: Central India, Bundelkhand Region, Madhya Pradesh, Rajput Kingdom of Datia, Court of Raja Bir Singh Deo (reigned 1605–27) technique: Gum tempera and ink on paper department: Indian and Southeast Asian Art collection: Indian Art - Mughal type: Painting find spot: catalogue raisonne: --- CREATORS --- measurements: Painting: 26.1 x 15.6 cm (10 1/4 x 6 1/8 in.) state of the work: edition of the work: support materials: inscriptions: inscription: [[verso, text of Battle of Ravana and Jatayu: Sanskrit text in devanagari script]]: Now [an extraordinary fight ensued] there between the vulture [Jatayu] and the demon [Ravana], quite violent [as if] between two great, winged mountains. With sharp [arrows, broad-headed and made of iron] and spears too, [that immensely powerful demon] forcefully showered [the King of Vultures]. In the course of battle that vulture, Jatayu, Lord of Birds, [confronted] that mass of arrows [the weapons of Ravana], and then he, [that vulture], like a mountain shaken about [fell backward], and with his talons dragged him [Ravana] down, overcome by anger. And that immensely powerful Lord of Birds instantly made his [Ravana’s] limbs bloodied with his sharply taloned feet. Then, Ravana [in a rage] pierced the King of Vultures in battle with [three direct arrows], frightful and swift. And after, he took up his other dreaded arrows on reserve, [with their arrowheads straight]. Each one resembled Death’s staff, [crushing insolence in] enemies. That immensely powerful, mighty demon pierced the [the bird’s body] with [perfectly sharp], golden-feathered arrows . . . . Without even taking those arrows into account, that enraged bird launched himself at Ravana. [Flying upward and then rushing down], raising his wings overhead, he battered [Ravana] with those feathered limbs. [Then, that Lord of Birds, energy blazing, splintered] with his claws [Ravana’s] bow and arrows, adorned with gems and pearls. And that Lord of Birds [splintered] also those very arrows shot [by Ravana]. Then, that immensely powerful [Indra of Birds] [over and over again, pecked at Ravana’s divine crown] made of gold and glittering with every jewel, and [being full of rage, hurled] it through the sky. Like the sun’s halo, it glistened as it sank. [That bird] struck down the asses, with their golden chest armor and devilish [pishacha] faces, and yanking them about, [instantly deprived them of breath]. He [smashed] the fearsomely huge chariot, which flies upon a wish, ornamented from wheel to pole, [each part arrayed in gold] and jewels. Tearing the charioteer from the chariot, [that Lord of Birds], with talons [that seemed like elephant goads, quickly shred him], then tossed him away. Ravana, his bow broken, chariot done with, [his asses killed, his charioteer slain,] fell to the ground, holding Vaidehi [in the crook of his arm]. Seeing Ravana fallen to the ground, his chariot smashed, all the other creatures celebrated the King of Vultures, crying—“Well done, well done!” [And the gods and sages] were amazed when they saw [Ravana, the destroyer of pride among enemy armies,] who was never defeated [by the gods and demons] on the front lines, defeated now [by the best of birds]. Then the denizens of the heavens praised that best of birds—“O excellent one, you have accomplished a difficult task!” The venerable King of Birds, who was extolled, became resolute and once again endured battle. translation: remark: --- CURRENT EXHIBITIONS title: The Rama Epic: Hero, Heroine, Ally, Foe opening date: 2016-10-21T04:00:00 The Rama Epic: Hero, Heroine, Ally, Foe. Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (organizer) (October 21, 2016-January 15, 2017). title: Imagining Rama's Journey (Indian Painting rotation) opening date: 2023-03-10T05:00:00 Imagining Rama's Journey (Indian Painting rotation). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 10-September 17, 2023). --- LEGACY EXHIBITIONS --- PROVENANCE Datia Palace Collection, India date: ?–1947 footnotes: citations: Private Collection, Calcutta, India date: 1947–1950 footnotes: citations: Private collection, Europe date: 1950–1955 footnotes: citations: (Terence McInerney Fine Arts, New York, NY, sold ot the Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Ralph Benkaim Collection) date: ?–October 2001 footnotes: citations: Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Ralph Benkaim Collection date: 2001–2013 footnotes: citations: The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH date: 2013– footnotes: citations: --- fun fact: digital description: wall description: --- RELATED WORKS --- CITATIONS McGill, Forest, ed. The Rama Epic: Hero, Heroine, Ally, Foe. San Francisco: Asian Art Museum, 2016. page number: Reproduced: cat. no. 120, pp. 230–31. url: Mace, Sonya Rhie, Mohsen Ashtiany, Catherine Glynn, Pedro Moura Carvalho, Marcus Fraser, and Ruby Lal. Mughal Paintings: Art and Stories. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2016. page number: Reproduced: cat. no. 40, pp. 326–327. url: --- IMAGES web: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.306/2013.306_web.jpg print: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.306/2013.306_print.jpg full: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.306/2013.306_full.tif