id:			170875
accession number:	2013.345
share license status:	CC0
url:			https://clevelandart.org/art/2013.345
updated:		2024-09-04 14:26:19.636000

Lovers and beloveds: A composite of scenes from Persian, Urdu, and Sanskrit literature, c. 1735. Chitarman II (Indian, c. 1680–с. 1750). Gum tempera and gold on paper; painting: 41.2 x 29.6 cm (16 1/4 x 11 5/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection 2013.345

title:				Lovers and beloveds: A composite of scenes from Persian, Urdu, and Sanskrit literature
title in original language:	
series:				
series in original language:	
creation date:			c. 1735
creation date earliest:		1730
creation date latest:		1745
current location:		
creditline:			Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection
copyright:			

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culture:	
technique:	Gum tempera and gold on paper
department:	Indian and Southeast Asian Art
collection:	Indian Art - Mughal
type:		Painting
find spot:	
catalogue raisonne: 

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CREATORS

* Chitarman II (Indian, c. 1680–с. 1750)  - artist

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measurements: Painting: 41.2 x 29.6 cm (16 1/4 x 11 5/8 in.)
state of the work:	
edition of the work: 	

support materials:


inscriptions:

	inscription:	Persian inscriptions throughout, in nasta‘liq script:
Top left: 
The celebrated lover Ranjha; 

Top right, above awning:
The notable ladies of the city falling into a swoon having caught sight of Joseph’s beauteous countenance; 

Top center, on pillar beneath canopy: 
The celebrated lover Vamiq;

On another pillar, behind the woman’s head:
The celebrated beloved ‘Azra;

Upper left, on pillar:
King Nala, the lover;

Central figure with halo: 
The coming from the prison and sitting [in state] of the Lord Joseph the Prophet, with the women of the town cutting the palms of their hands and falling down unconscious;

Left of center: 
[. . . cutting palms . . . wine cups fell from their hands . . . state of wonderment . . .];

Central pavilion at left:
Sassi, the beloved
the lover [Punnun];

Below central figure of Joseph:
The stream of milk
Shirin the beloved, weeping
The death of Farhad, the lover;

Lower right, in front of bearded man:
Hafiz of Shiraz;

Below his decanter:
The stick of candy [referring to the woman with whom, according to popular lore, Hafiz was supposed to have fallen in love as a youth];

Behind the pavilion at right:
Bride descending into a grave . . .;

On the white railing to the left:
Khwaja Bu Ali . . .;

Bottom left: 
Queen Padmavati, the beloved,
King Ratnasena, the lover;

Bottom right:
Majnun, the lover;

On page held by Majnun:
Say, “He is Allah, who is One, 
Allah the eternal refuge.
He neither begets nor is born,
Nor is there to Him any equivalent.”
[Qur'an, chapter 112]
	translation:	
	remark:		

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CURRENT EXHIBITIONS

	title:		Art and Stories from Mughal India
	opening date:   2016-07-31T04:00:00
	<i>Art and Stories from Mughal India</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 31-October 23, 2016).

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LEGACY EXHIBITIONS

* {'description': "<em>India's Fabled City: The Art of Courtly Lucknow</em>. Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, CA (December 12, 2010-February 27, 2011); Musee Guimet, Paris, Frane (April 6-July 11, 2011).", 'opening_date': '2011-04-06T00:00:00'}

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PROVENANCE

	(Walter Randall Gallery, New York, NY, sold to Ralph Benkaim)
	date: ?-November 1969
	footnotes: 	
	citations: 	


	Ralph Benkaim [1914-2001] and Catherine Glynn Benkaim [b. 1946], Beverly Hills, CA, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art
	date: November 1969-2013
	footnotes: 	
	citations: 	


	The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH
	date: 2013-
	footnotes: 	
	citations: 	


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fun fact:


digital description:


wall description:

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RELATED WORKS

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CITATIONS

	Markel, Stephen, Tushara Bindu Gude, and Muzaffar Alam. <em>India's Fabled City: The Art of Courtly Lucknow</em>. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 2010.
	page number: 	cat. no. 23, pp. 28
	url:		

	Mace, Sonya Rhie, Mohsen Ashtiany, Catherine Glynn, Pedro Moura Carvalho, Marcus Fraser, and Ruby Lal. <em>Mughal Paintings: Art and Stories: the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. London: D Giles Limited, 2016.
	page number: 	cat. 92, pp. 86-87
	url:		

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IMAGES

web:	https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.345/2013.345_web.jpg
print:	https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.345/2013.345_print.jpg
full:	https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.345/2013.345_full.tif