{
"data": {
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"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Ram Mask (Bolo), possibly early 1900s. Africa, West Africa, Burkina Faso, Bobo-style blacksmith-carver. Wood and paint; overall: 45 x 36 x 36 cm (17 11/16 x 14 3/16 x 14 3/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Ren\u00e9 and Odette Delenne Collection, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 2016.56",
"current_location": "108A African",
"title": "Ram Mask (Bolo)",
"creation_date": "possibly early 1900s",
"creation_date_earliest": 1900,
"creation_date_latest": 1920,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Africa, West Africa, Burkina Faso, Bobo-style blacksmith-carver"
],
"technique": "Wood and paint",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "African Art",
"collection": "African Art",
"type": "Mask",
"measurements": "Overall: 45 x 36 x 36 cm (17 11/16 x 14 3/16 x 14 3/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.45,
"width": 0.36,
"depth": 0.36
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 338218,
"title": "Art d\u2019Afrique dans les collections belges",
"description": "Art d\u2019Afrique dans les collections belges. Royal Museum for Central Africa (June 29-October 30, 1963).",
"opening_date": "1963-06-29T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland (October 31, 1970\u2013February 10, 1971)",
"opening_date": "1970-10-31T05:00:00Z"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Jeanne Raguin, Golfe-Juan, France, sold to Ren\u00e9 and Odette Delenne",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?\u20131962",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Ren\u00e9 [1901-1998] and Odette Delenne [1925-2012], Brussels, Belgium, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1962\u20132016",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "2016\u2013",
"sortorder": 3
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The mask was vividly painted while in use. Look closely at its surface to see traces of blue, red, and white paint.",
"description": "Bolo masks are primarily danced for entertainment during communal occasions like funerals, male initiations, and harvest celebrations. Comprising both animal and human features, the mask\u2013\u2013always worn by a male dancer\u2013\u2013refers to the cultural significance of the ram, an animal associated with male aggression across sub-Saharan Africa.",
"external_resources": {
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"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2016.56-ram-mask-bolo"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Maesen, Alebert, et al. Art d\u2019Afrique dans les collections belges, cat. 21. Exh. Cat. Tervuren: Royal Museum for Central Africa, June 29-October 30, 1963.",
"page_number": "cat. 21",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Leuzinger, Elsy. Die Kunst von Schwarz-Afrika, cat. C6. Exh. Cat. Recklinghausen: Verlag Aurel Bongers, in association with Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich, October 31, 1970-February 10, 1971.",
"page_number": "cat. C6",
"url": null
}
],
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"creditline": "Ren\u00e9 and Odette Delenne Collection, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": "edfcda0e03504bd186ad650b9ea39566",
"sketchfab_url": "https://sketchfab.com/models/edfcda0e03504bd186ad650b9ea39566",
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 286706,
"creators": [],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "2016-09-06T00:00:00-04:00",
"sortable_date": 1900,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "possibly early 1900s",
"collapse_artists": false,
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"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [
"Entertainment Mask (Bolo): Ram"
],
"is_highlight": true,
"updated_at": "2026-04-07 22:01:08.431000"
}
}