{
    "data": {
        "id": 307213,
        "accession_number": "2018.10",
        "share_license_status": "CC0",
        "tombstone": "M\u00e9canisme de la physionomie humaine: Figure 51: \u00c0 droite, contraction partielle de l'\u00e9l\u00e9vateur commun de l'aile du nez et de la l\u00e8vre sup\u00e9rieure: m\u00e9contentement, mauvaise humeur; \u00e0 gauche, repos, c. 1856, printed 1862. Guillaume-Benjamin-Amand Duchenne (de Boulogne) (French, 1806\u20131875), Adrien Tournachon (French, 1825\u20131903). Albumen print from glass plate negative; image: 19.5 x 17 cm (7 11/16 x 6 11/16 in.); paper: 21.5 x 17 cm (8 7/16 x 6 11/16 in.); mounted: 41.1 x 27.5 cm (16 3/16 x 10 13/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance and Greta Millikin Trust, 2018.10",
        "current_location": null,
        "title": "Figure 51: \u00c0 droite, contraction partielle de l'\u00e9l\u00e9vateur commun de l'aile du nez et de la l\u00e8vre sup\u00e9rieure: m\u00e9contentement, mauvaise humeur; \u00e0 gauche, repos",
        "series": "M\u00e9canisme de la physionomie humaine",
        "creation_date": "c. 1856, printed 1862",
        "creation_date_earliest": 1851,
        "creation_date_latest": 1861,
        "artists_tags": [
            "male"
        ],
        "culture": [],
        "technique": "Albumen print from glass plate negative",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "Photography",
        "collection": "PH - French 19th Century",
        "type": "Photograph",
        "measurements": "Image: 19.5 x 17 cm (7 11/16 x 6 11/16 in.); Paper: 21.5 x 17 cm (8 7/16 x 6 11/16 in.); Mounted: 41.1 x 27.5 cm (16 3/16 x 10 13/16 in.)",
        "dimensions": {
            "image": {
                "height": 0.195,
                "height_inch": 7,
                "height_inch_fraction": 0.6875,
                "width": 0.17,
                "width_inch": 6,
                "width_inch_fraction": 0.6875
            },
            "mounted": {
                "height": 0.411,
                "height_inch": 16,
                "height_inch_fraction": 0.1875,
                "width": 0.275,
                "width_inch": 10,
                "width_inch_fraction": 0.8125
            },
            "paper": {
                "height": 0.215,
                "height_inch": 8,
                "height_inch_fraction": 0.4375,
                "width": 0.17,
                "width_inch": 6,
                "width_inch_fraction": 0.6875
            }
        },
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [
            {
                "inscription": "On the verso, lower left, in graphite, \u201cfig. 51\u201d.",
                "inscription_translation": null,
                "inscription_remark": "The handwriting of the inscription matches the handwriting of the inscriptions on the other four Duchenne photographs, and the numeral \u20181\u2019 was written in a European style (upside down \u2018V\u2019).",
                "sortorder": null
            }
        ],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [],
            "legacy": []
        },
        "provenance": [
            {
                "description": "(Serge Kakou, Paris, France)",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": [],
                "date": "?-2017",
                "sortorder": 1
            },
            {
                "description": "(Robert Hershkowitz, Ltd., Sussex, United Kingdom)",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "2017\u201318",
                "sortorder": 2
            },
            {
                "description": "sold to The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "February 26, 2018-",
                "sortorder": 3
            }
        ],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [],
        "did_you_know": "Duchenne, a neurologist at a hospital for the poor in Paris, turned to photography to record the grammar of human expression.",
        "early_education_description": null,
        "artlens_description": null,
        "description": "This photograph is part of the first systematic exploration of the physiology of human facial expression. In order to demonstrate how each individual muscle contributed to creating an expression, Duchenne stimulated one or more muscles on one side of the face and left the other at rest.",
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79873331"
            ],
            "internet_archive": [
                "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.10-figure-51-a-droite-c"
            ]
        },
        "citations": [
            {
                "citation": "Liberatore, Virginia, and G.-B. Duchenne. Performing the Passions between Classical and Modern Epistemes: Text and Photography in Duchenne De Boulogne's \"Me\u0301canisme De La Physionomie Humaine\". 2002.",
                "page_number": null,
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Duchenne, G.-B., and R. Andrew Cuthbertson. The Mechanism of Human Facial Expression. 2006.",
                "page_number": null,
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Prodger, Phillip. Darwin's Camera: Art and Photography in the Theory of Evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.",
                "page_number": null,
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Sobieszek, Robert A. Ghost in the Shell: Photography and the Human Soul, 1850-2000 : Essays on Camera Portraiture. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1999.",
                "page_number": null,
                "url": null
            }
        ],
        "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.10",
        "images": {
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                "date_created": "2018-01-26T14:39:11",
                "annotation": ""
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        ],
        "creditline": "Severance and Greta Millikin Trust",
        "image_credit": null,
        "sketchfab_id": null,
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        "gallery_donor_text": null,
        "athena_id": 307213,
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            {
                "id": 307210,
                "description": "Guillaume-Benjamin-Amand Duchenne (de Boulogne) (French, 1806\u20131875)",
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                "birth_year": "1806",
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            {
                "id": 41226,
                "description": "Adrien Tournachon (French, 1825\u20131903)",
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        "legal_status": "accessioned",
        "accession_date": "2018-02-26T00:00:00-05:00",
        "sortable_date": 1851,
        "date_added_to_oa": null,
        "date_text": "c. 1856, printed 1862",
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        "cover_accession_number": null,
        "is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
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        "alternate_titles": [],
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        "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:54:11.587000"
    }
}