{
"data": {
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"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Cup with Four Faces, 600\u20131000. Central Andes, Wari people. Stone with shell inlay; overall: 9.5 x 9.2 cm (3 3/4 x 3 5/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2019.169",
"current_location": "232 Andean",
"title": "Cup with Four Faces",
"creation_date": "600\u20131000",
"creation_date_earliest": 600,
"creation_date_latest": 1000,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Central Andes, Wari people"
],
"technique": "Stone with shell inlay",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Art of the Americas",
"collection": "AA - Andes",
"type": "Stone",
"measurements": "Overall: 9.5 x 9.2 cm (3 3/4 x 3 5/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.095,
"height_inch": 3,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.75,
"width": 0.092,
"width_inch": 3,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.625
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
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"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
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"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "(Probably Andr\u00e9 Emmerich, Inc.)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "Before 1969",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Mr. and Mrs. Robert Spitzer, New York City",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "Before 1969",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Sotheby\u2019s New York, Auction (November 18, lot 13A)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1991",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "Merrin Gallery, New York, NY",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1991",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "American Private Collector",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1991-2019",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "2019-",
"sortorder": 6
}
],
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"did_you_know": "The inlay is made of spondylus (thorny oyster) shell, a form of wealth in antiquity.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "The identity of the four, wide-eyed faces on this cup is unknown. Equally mysterious is the cup\u2019s function. It seems too small to be used for drinking beer at the feasts the Wari sponsored to put others in their debt. The size may suggest the cup was used in more intimate circumstances, perhaps to make libations to sacred forces that animated the ancient landscape.",
"external_resources": {
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"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79878078"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2019.169-cup-with-four-faces"
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},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Museum of Primitive Art (New York, N.Y.). Precolumbian Art in New York; Selections from Private Collections. [New York]: Distributed by New York Graphic Society, Greenwich, Conn, 1969.",
"page_number": "Cat. 263",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lapiner, Alan C. Pre-Columbian Art of South America. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1976.",
"page_number": "fig. 577-578",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sotheby's (Firm). Pre Columbian Art. 1991.",
"page_number": "Lot 13A",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Bergh, Susan E. \u201cPre-Colombian and Native North American Art.\u201d Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 60, no. 2 (March/April 2020): 14-15.",
"page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: P. 14.",
"url": ""
}
],
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"updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:57:08.194000"
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