{
"data": {
"id": 92480,
"accession_number": "2020.116",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Seascape with Open Sky, 1860. Eug\u00e8ne Boudin (French, 1824\u20131898). Pastel on gray wove paper mounted on thin paperboard; sheet: 21.5 x 28.7 cm (8 7/16 x 11 5/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Nancy F. and Joseph P. Keithley Collection Gift, 2020.116",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Seascape with Open Sky",
"creation_date": "1860",
"creation_date_earliest": 1860,
"creation_date_latest": 1860,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"France, 19th century"
],
"technique": "pastel on gray wove paper mounted on thin paperboard",
"support_materials": [
{
"description": "cardboard",
"watermarks": []
}
],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - French",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Sheet: 21.5 x 28.7 cm (8 7/16 x 11 5/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.215,
"height_inch": 8,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.4375,
"width": 0.287,
"width_inch": 11,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.3125
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "inscribed, lower left, in black chalk: - 1860 -; stamped, lower right, in blue ink: artist\u2019s stamp [Lugt 828]",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 396695,
"title": "Impressionism to Modernism: The Keithley Collection",
"description": "Impressionism to Modernism: The Keithley Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 11, 2022-January 8, 2023).",
"opening_date": "2022-09-11T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 324628,
"title": "Nineteenth-Century French Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Nineteenth-Century French Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 20-June 11, 2023).",
"opening_date": "2023-01-19T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "R\u00e9trospective Eug\u00e8ne Boudin. Osaka City Museum of Fine Arts (June 7\u201319, 1996); Hiroshima Museum of Art (June 29\u2013August 11, 1996); Kagoshima City Art Museum (August 21\u2013September 16, 1996); Chiba City Art Museum (October 2\u201327, 1996); Shizuoka City Art Museum (November 10\u2013December 15, 1996).",
"opening_date": "1996-08-11T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin: Antesala del impresionismo. Museo Nacional de Colombia, Bogot\u00e1 (May 7\u2013June 28, 1998); Suramericana de Seguros, Medell\u00edn, Colombia (July 5\u2013August 30, 1998).",
"opening_date": "1998-06-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin (1824\u20131898): Impressionist der ersten Stunde. Stiftung Langmatt Sidney und Jenny Brown, Baden (April 1\u2013June 25, 2000); Fondation de l\u2019Hermitage, Lausanne (July 7\u2013October 15, 2000).",
"opening_date": "2000-06-25T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Studio of the artist [1824-1898; Lugt 828]",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1860-1898",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "(his posthumous studio sale, Hotel Drouot, Paris, March 20-21, 1899, probably one of nos. 243\u201354)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [
"Given the presence of Boudin's studio stamp (Lugt 828), presumably one of numerous lots sold as \"\u00c9tude de ciel (pastel).\"
"
],
"date": "1899",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Dr. Gustav Rau [1922-2002], Stuttgart",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-2002",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "(his sale, Kunsthaus Lempertz, Cologne, May 25, 2013, no. 650, for the UNICEF Germany Foundation, sold to Le Claire Kunst, Hamburg)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "2013",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "(Le Claire Kunst, Hamburg, sold to Nancy F. and Joseph P. Keithley, Shaker Heights, OH)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "2013-2014",
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"description": "Nancy F. and Joseph P. Keithley, Shaker Heights, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "2014-2020",
"sortorder": 7
},
{
"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "2020-",
"sortorder": 8
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The well-known Parisian critic and writer Charles Baudelaire singled out Eug\u00e8ne Boudin's seascape pastels in a review published around the time this work was made, describing them as characterized by \"meteorological beauty.\"",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin is best known for inspiring Impressionist artists, especially a young Claude Monet, to paint outdoors. This drawing belongs to a series that Boudin made throughout much of his career depicting seascapes with dramatic skylines onsite. He favored pastel, the powdery medium used here, for its portability and directness, allowing him to capture the dramatic effects of nature as they shifted.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87481121"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2020.116-seascape-with-open-s"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Atelier Eug\u00e8ne Boudin: Catalogue des Tableaux, Pastels, Aquarelles et Dessins (Paris: H\u00f4tel Drouot, 1899).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: 62\u201363, nos. 243\u201354 (presumably one of numerous pastels sold as \u00c9tude de ciel).",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "R\u00e9trospective Eug\u00e8ne Boudin. Exh. Cat. Osaka: Mus\u00e9e d'Art de Kintsu, 1996.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 114, no. 3",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin, 1824-1898: Antesala del impresionismo. Exh. Cat. Bogota\u0301: Museo Nacional de Colombia, 1998.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 20, no. 9",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Koella, Rudolf. Eug\u00e8ne Boudin (1824-1898): Impressionist der ersten Stunde. Exh. Cat. Baden: Stiftung Langmatt Sidney und Jenny Brown, 2000.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 172, no. 65; Reproduced: p. 105",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Brown, Heather Lemonedes. \"Boudin and Matisse.\" In The Keithley Collection at the Cleveland Museum of Art, edited by Heather Lemonedes Brown, 58-59, 140-141. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 2022.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 58-59; Mentioned: p. 257",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Salsbury, Britany. Nineteenth-Century French Drawings: The Cleveland Museum of Art. Lewes, UK, Cleveland, Ohio: GILES; Cleveland Museum of Art, 2023.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 102-103, no. 12",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Spinazze\u0300, Sabrina. \"Internazionalita di Michetti. Contatti, Scambi, Influenze e Convergenze con John Singer Sargent, Wilhelm von Gloeden, James Abbott McNeil Whistler ed Edgar Degas.\" In Francesco Paolo Michetti: Catalogo Generale. Edited by Fabio Benzi, Gianluca Berardi, Teresa Sacchi Lodispoto, and Sabrina Spinazze\u0300, 37-55. Cinisello Balsamo, Milano: Silvana Editoriale, 2024.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 52-53, fig. 40, Vol. 2",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Rehahn. Impressionism : From Photography to Painting. \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, Vietnam: Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, 2024.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 21, no.7",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Suivre Les Nuages Le Pinceau \u00c0 La Main: Correspondances, 1861-1898 d\u2019Eug\u00e8ne Boudin. Edited by Laurent Manoeuvre and Archives Durand-Ruel. [Strasbourg]: L\u2019Atelier contemporain, Fran\u00e7ois-Marie Deyrolle \u00e9diteur, 2025.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 3 of color plate section",
"url": ""
}
],
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"creditline": "Nancy F. and Joseph P. Keithley Collection Gift",
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{
"id": 1568,
"description": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin (French, 1824\u20131898)",
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"biography": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin is traditionally presented in literature as a self-taught artist, independent of the Parisian art world whose works, painted out of doors in a sketchy, light-hued style, foreshadowed impressionism.1 Recent scholarship has tempered this interpretation of the artist, but it conserves his importance to contemporaneous artistic concerns of modernity, the notion of \"finish,\" the relationship between the French city and countryside, and the marketing of art works.2 Raised by parents who worked on steamers, Boudin grew up in Le Havre on the Normandy coast. At the age of twenty, he and an associate established their own framing and stationery shop where they regularly served artists. In 1847 Boudin went to Paris to study art and made contacts with artists such as Couture (q.v.), who helped him win a three-year study grant in 1850 from the municipal council of Le Havre, and Constant Troyon (1810-1865). But it was along the Normandy coast, not in Paris, where Boudin first met painters Ribot (q.v.) in 1851, Monet (q.v.) in 1858, and Courbet (q.v.) in 1859 and art critic Charles Baudelaire in 1859 and painted in a coarse realist style. Boudin spent each winter, roughly November to May, in Paris, working in his studio. He spent the summer season, lasting from two to five months, making pictures on the Normandy coast or in the Breton landscape. In 1860 he began to paint scenes of fashionable society at the beach resorts of Trouville (The Beach at Trouville, Minneapolis Institute of Arts) and Deauville. At first his work attracted little critical notice, but Baudelaire praised his pastels in a review of the 1859 Salon where Boudin made his debut.4 By 1869 Boudin and his art came to be identified with the Normandy coast.5 After 1870 Boudin increasingly turned away from beach resort subjects to focus on port and harbor views and fisherfolk scenes. In 1881 Boudin entered into a business relationship with the important Parisian art dealer Durand-Ruel, who provided him with a regular income for the rights to his entire production. When Durand-Ruel mounted a one-person exhibition of Boudin's works in 1883, the artist enjoyed financial and critical triumph. Boudin sold his first picture to the French state in 1886 (A Squall, Mus\u00e9e de Morlaix) and his second two years later (The Russian Corvette in the Eure Reservoir, Mus\u00e9e d'Agen). In 1892 he was decorated with the Legion of Honor. Extremely productive until the end of his life, Boudin left more than four thousand paintings and seven thousand works on paper, some of which he or his family bequeathed to the French nation and art museums of Le Havre and Honfleur. The reputation that Boudin quietly established is nowhere better evidenced than in the fact that the retro-spective exhibition of his work (January 1898) was held at the \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where Boudin never set foot and which had fought, and failed, to privilege history painting over landscape and genre.
1. By 1883 art critic Gustave Geffroy had already pronounced that Boudin \"is, together with Corot and Jongkind, one of the immediate precursors of Impressionism. He shows us that impenetrable black does not exist and that air is transparent.\" Cited in trans. in Hamilton 1992, 42.
2. See John House, \"Boudin's Modernity,\" in Hamilton 1992, 15-23.
3. Courbet first visited Le Havre in 1841, the year he moved to Paris from Ornans. He returned at the time of the 1858 Salon du Havre, to which he contributed, and again in 1859. He is reported to have bought some of Boudin's paintings. In 1865 the two painters socialized together and painted side by side at Trouville.
4. The artist exhibited no pastels in the Salon, but Baudelaire might have seen them in the artist's studio or elsewhere. 5. Jules Castagnary, Salon de 1869, cited in trans. in Hamilton 1992, 59.",
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"accession_date": "2020-03-02T00:00:00-05:00",
"sortable_date": 1860,
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"updated_at": "2026-06-11 12:17:39.489000"
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}