{
"data": {
"id": 453030,
"accession_number": "2022.1",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "View across the Moat towards the Thomasschule and the Thomaskirche in Leipzig, 1817. Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld (German, 1794\u20131872). Pen and black ink and graphite on ivory wove paper; support: 31 x 38.6 x 0.2 cm (12 3/16 x 15 3/16 x 1/16 in.); image: 15.7 x 23.8 cm (6 3/16 x 9 3/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2022.1",
"current_location": null,
"title": "View across the Moat towards the Thomasschule and the Thomaskirche in Leipzig",
"creation_date": "1817",
"creation_date_earliest": 1817,
"creation_date_latest": 1817,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Germany, 19th century"
],
"technique": "Pen and black ink and graphite on ivory wove paper",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - German",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Support: 31 x 38.6 x 0.2 cm (12 3/16 x 15 3/16 x 1/16 in.); Image: 15.7 x 23.8 cm (6 3/16 x 9 3/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"image": {
"height": 0.157,
"height_inch": 6,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.1875,
"width": 0.238,
"width_inch": 9,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.375
},
"support": {
"height": 0.31,
"height_inch": 12,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.1875,
"width": 0.386,
"width_inch": 15,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.1875,
"depth": 0.002,
"depth_inch": 0,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.0625
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "Inscribed and dated at lower left: Leipzig 1817 M. July",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "stamped at lower right on verso in blue ink: mark of Carl Heumann collection (Lugt 2841a)",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "watermark: H * O S E R [unidentified]",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Deutsche Landscaftskunst, 1750\u20131850: Zeichnungen und Aquarelle aus der Sammlung Heumann, Chemnitz. Schlesisches Museum der Bildenden K\u00fcnste, Breslau, Poland (1933).",
"opening_date": "1933-01-01T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Zeichenkunst der deutschen Romantik. Nassauisches Landesmusuem, Wiesbaden, Germany (May\u2013mid-July 1937)",
"opening_date": "1937-05-01T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld, 1794\u20131872. Museum der Bildenden K\u00fcnste, Leipzig (March 26\u2013May 23, 1994); Kunsthalle Bremen, Germany (June 5\u2013July 31, 1994).",
"opening_date": "1994-03-26T05:00:00Z"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Eduard Cichorius [1819\u20131907], Dresden, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Professor Ludwig Schnorr von Carolsfeld [1877\u20131945], Berlin, the artist\u2019s grandson",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Carl Heumann [1886\u20131945], Chemnitz, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?-1945",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "Carl Heumann Estate",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1945\u201357",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "(Carl Heumann posthumous collection sale, Stuttgarter Kunstkabinett, no. 320, sold to Erhard G\u00f6pel), 1957",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "November 29, 1957",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "Erhard G\u00f6pel [1906\u20131966], Munich, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1957\u201366",
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"description": "By descent to his wife, Barbara G\u00f6pel [1922\u20132017], Munich, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1966-?",
"sortorder": 7
},
{
"description": "Private Collection, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1994-2019",
"sortorder": 8
},
{
"description": "(Daxer & Marschall Kunsthandels, Munich, Germany, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "2019\u201322",
"sortorder": 9
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH,",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "2022-",
"sortorder": 10
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The landscape in this drawing is seen from the perspective of Schnorr von Carolsfeld\u2019s family home in Leipzig.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld belonged to the Nazarenes, a group of artists who looked to early Northern Renaissance art for its simplicity and piety. The artist created this drawing during a visit to his native Leipzig en route to join the Nazarenes in Rome. He depicted the city\u2019s distinctive features, including the oldest German language school in Europe (of which he was an alumnus) and a church where Johann Sebastian Bach served as cantor during the 18th century. The artist himself appears in a self-portrait at right in the pair seen at lower left. He juxtaposed loosely sketched landscape with areas of profuse detail, created with a hard and sharpened pencil reinforced with pen and ink.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117247166"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2022.1-view-across-the-moat"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Deutsche Landscaftskunst, 1750\u20131850: Zeichnungen und Aquarelle aus der Sammlung Heumann, Chemnitz. Exh. Cat. Breslau: Schlesisches Museum der Bildenden K\u00fcnste, 1933.",
"page_number": "Mentioned no. 135",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Zeichenkunst der deutschen Romantik. Exh. Cat. Wiesbaden: Nassauisches Landesmusuem, 1937.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: 30, no. 282",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "G\u00f6pel, Erhard. \u201cDeutsche K\u00fcnstler zeichnen in Leipzig.\u201d Leipziger Jahrbuch 14 (1939).",
"page_number": "Mentioned p. 134\u201336",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Kunst des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts: Sammlung Heumann, Chemnitz. Stuttgart: Stuttgarter Kunstkabinetts, 1957.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 66, no. 320; Reproduced: pl. 18",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "G\u00f6pel, Erhard. \u201cEine unbekannte Ansicht Leipzigs\u201d Neue Lepipziger Zeitung 249, no. 6 (September 6, 1933).",
"page_number": "reproduced",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Mehnert, Karl Hein. \u201cEine wiederentdeckte Stadtansicht: Zur Ausstellung Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld im Museum der bildenden K\u00fcnste.\u201d Leipziger Blatter 27 (Spring 1994).",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 74; Mentioned: p. 75.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld, 1794\u20131872. Exh. Cat. Leipzig: Museum der Bildenden K\u00fcnste, 1994.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: 197\u201398, no. 27; Reproduced: p. 97",
"url": ""
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2022.1",
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"date_created": "2022-05-13T10:27:03",
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],
"creditline": "Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 453030,
"creators": [
{
"id": 453023,
"description": "Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld (German, 1794\u20131872)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": "German painter, 1794-1872",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1794",
"death_year": "1872",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "2022-03-07T05:00:00Z",
"sortable_date": 1817,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1817",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
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"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": "For this work on wove paper, Schnorr von Carolsfeld established the composition as a line drawing using a pale silvery-gray graphite pencil. Then to shade and strengthen the wooded area at the center of the composition and the two figures in the left foreground, he went over the graphite with pen and gray-black ink using outline and a regimented system of hatching and crosshatching with a strong right-handed directional. Establishing two focal points with a second darker medium\u2014in this case one that resembles dark graphite\u2014does not, however, overwhelm the more delicately rendered elements, including the cursorily drawn landscape and trees on the left and detailed architecture representing the Thomasschule on the right. A sure and steady hand is evident in the detailed and complex architectural structures; it is also apparent that many of their rectilinear elements were gone over with a graphite line applied with the aid of a straight edge. The figure bearing a likeness to the artist in his youth shows numerous corrections in graphite to the proper left arm, leg, and foot.
Several observations bring up the possibility that Schnorr von Carolsfeld made this drawing with the aid of a camera lucida, an optical drawing instrument recommended for mastering perspective and topographical accuracy in landscape, as well as capturing likenesses for portraiture. (Sir William Hyde Wollaston\u2019s popular prism camera lucida was invented in 1807.) With this instrument an initial sketch is made by tracing a virtual image reflected on paper. (The camera obscura, an earlier optical drawing aid still in use at this time, works by casting a real image onto a surface which then can be traced.)
When working with the camera lucida artists often drew over the initial sketch with a second linear medium to correct, reinforce, and realize a more finished drawing, but in doing so many of the subtle and quirky clues inherent to the camera lucida line were lost. Clearly a good portion of this composition was gone over, aligning with this practice.
Therefore, it is the unmodified line seen in the tree growth in the left background and defining the middle grassy bank that arguably bears the most compelling evidence of the use of a camera lucida. This portion of the composition captures the habit of a traced line\u2014specifically a line tracing a tenuous reflected image\u2014to meander falteringly through a view with awkward starts and stops and illogical transitions.",
"has_conservation_images": true,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-05-29 09:04:21.229000"
}
}